Glossary on the COVID-19 pandemic

• abnormal respiratory findings (plural noun)

• résultats respiratoires anormaux (plural masculine noun)

• active case (noun)

• cas actif (masculine noun)

• acute respiratory distress syndrome (noun)
• ARDS (noun)

• syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë (masculine noun)
• SDRA (masculine noun)

• adverse event (noun)

• événement indésirable (masculine noun)

An adverse event occurs during or after a treatment, but is not necessarily caused by the treatment itself.

• adverse reaction (noun)

• effet indésirable (masculine noun)

• adverse effect (noun)

• réaction indésirable (feminine noun)

• aerosol-generating medical procedure (noun)
• AGMP (noun)

• intervention médicale générant des aérosols (feminine noun)
• IMGA (feminine noun)

• after-effects (plural noun)

• séquelles (plural feminine noun)

• sequelae (plural noun)

• ageusia (noun)

• agueusie (feminine noun)

The complete or partial loss of the sense of taste.

• airborne precautions (plural noun)

• précautions contre la transmission par voie aérienne (plural feminine noun)

• airborne transmission precautions (plural noun)

• airborne transmission (noun)

• transmission par voie aérienne (feminine noun)

Airborne transmission occurs when infectious agents are transmitted through droplet nuclei, aerosols and dust particles that travel a distance of more than one metre.

Not to be confused with droplet transmission.

• alcohol swab (noun)

• tampon imbibé d'alcool (masculine noun)

• alcohol prep pad (noun)
• alcohol pad (noun)

• tampon d'alcool (masculine noun)
• tampon alcoolisé (masculine noun)

• An Act respecting further COVID-19 measures (noun)

• Loi concernant des mesures supplémentaires liées à la COVID-19 (feminine noun)

• animal-to-human transmission (noun)

• transmission de l'animal à l'humain (feminine noun)

• anosmia (noun)

• anosmie (feminine noun)

The complete or partial loss of the sense of smell.

• antibody (noun)
• Ab (noun)

• anticorps (masculine noun)
• Ac (masculine noun)

A protein that is produced in response to the introduction of an antigen in an organism and that plays a role in the immune response against this antigen.

• antibody detection test (noun)

• test de détection d'anticorps (masculine noun)

• antibody test (noun)

• antigen (noun)
• Ag (noun)

• antigène (masculine noun)
• Ag (masculine noun)

A substance that, when introduced in an organism, induces an immune response.

• antigen detection test (noun)

• test antigénique (masculine noun)

• antigen test (noun)

• test de détection d'antigène (masculine noun)

• antipyretic therapy (noun)

• traitement antipyrétique (masculine noun)

• antipyretic treatment (noun)

A treatment to reduce fever.

• anti-vaxxer (noun)

• antivaccinaliste (masculine and feminine noun)

• anti-vaccinationist (noun)
• antivaxxer (noun)
• antivaccinationist (noun)

• anti-vaccinaliste (masculine and feminine noun)

A person who is opposed to vaccination.

• antiviral drug (noun)

• médicament antiviral (masculine noun)

• antiviral (noun)

• antiviral (masculine noun)

• broad-spectrum antiviral drug

• ArriveCAN (noun)

• ArriveCAN (feminine noun)

An application used to provide mandatory travel information upon and after entry into Canada, such as the traveller's contact and quarantine information.

• asymptomatic [1] (adjective)

• asymptomatique [1] (adjective)

That does not exhibit symptoms.

• asymptomatic carrier
• asymptomatic case
• asymptomatic contact
• asymptomatic person

• asymptomatic [2] (adjective)

• asymptomatique [2] (adjective)

That occurs without symptoms.

• asymptomatic transmission

• at-home vaccination (noun)

• vaccination à domicile (feminine noun)

• home vaccination (noun)

• basic reproduction number (noun)

• taux de reproduction de base (masculine noun)

• basic reproduction rate (noun)
• basic reproductive rate (noun)
• basic reproduction ratio (noun)

R₀

The average number of secondary cases generated by an infected person when the whole population is susceptible to the infectious disease.

The basic reproduction number is not an intrinsic value of the infectious agent. It reflects the biological properties of the infectious agent as well as behavioural and environmental factors, such as the contact between healthy and infected people.

R₀ is pronounced "R naught."

• betacoronavirus (noun)

• bétacoronavirus (masculine noun)

• booster dose (noun)

• dose de rappel (feminine noun)

• booster [2] (noun)

• rappel [2] (masculine noun)

A dose of an immunizing agent that reinforces or restores the immunizing effect of the original dose.

• booster shot (noun)

• injection de rappel (feminine noun)

• booster injection (noun)
• booster [1] (noun)

• rappel [1] (masculine noun)

The injection of a dose of an immunizing agent that reinforces or restores the immunizing effect of the original dose.

• booster vaccine (noun)

• vaccin de rappel (masculine noun)

A vaccine that reinforces or restores the immunizing effect of the first vaccine administered against a given disease or infectious agent.

• border (noun)

• frontière (feminine noun)

• international border
• provincial border

• border closure (noun)

• fermeture de frontière (feminine noun)

• border screening (noun)

• dépistage à la frontière (masculine noun)

Border screening includes departure screening and entry screening.

• bronchoalveolar lavage (noun)
• BAL (noun)

• lavage bronchoalvéolaire (masculine noun)
• LBA (masculine noun)

• bronchoalveolar washing (noun)

• bubble (noun)

• bulle (feminine noun)

A bubble is formed by people not necessarily from the same household who agree to create a group in which physical distancing measures are not mandatory. The number of people allowed in a bubble can vary from one place to another. However, a bubble is a closed group; that is, once the bubble is formed, its members cannot change and they cannot be part of another bubble.

• class bubble
• school bubble
• social bubble
• two-family bubble
• two-household bubble

• Canada COVID-19 (noun)

• Canada COVID-19 (feminine noun)

A mobile application that allows users to receive the latest updates on COVID-19, access trusted resources and assess their symptoms.

• Canada Emergency Business Account (noun)
• CEBA (noun)

• Compte d'urgence pour les entreprises canadiennes (masculine noun)
• CUEC (masculine noun)

• Canada Emergency Commercial Rent Assistance (noun)
• CECRA (noun)

• Aide d'urgence du Canada pour le loyer commercial (feminine noun)
• AUCLC (feminine noun)

• Canada Emergency Rent Subsidy (noun)
• CERS (noun)

• Subvention d'urgence du Canada pour le loyer (feminine noun)
• SUCL (feminine noun)

• Canada Emergency Response Benefit (noun)
• CERB (noun)

• Prestation canadienne d'urgence (feminine noun)
• PCU (feminine noun)

The program that replaced the Emergency Care Benefit and the Emergency Support Benefit.

• Canada Emergency Response Benefit Act (noun)

• Loi sur la prestation canadienne d'urgence (feminine noun)

• An Act respecting income support payments for workers (coronavirus disease 2019) (noun)

• Loi concernant l'allocation de soutien du revenu pour les travailleurs (maladie à coronavirus 2019) (feminine noun)

• Canada Emergency Student Benefit (noun)
• CESB (noun)

• Prestation canadienne d'urgence pour les étudiants (feminine noun)
• PCUE (feminine noun)

• Canada Emergency Student Benefit Act (noun)

• Loi sur la prestation canadienne d'urgence pour étudiants (feminine noun)

• An Act respecting Canada emergency student benefits (coronavirus disease 2019) (noun)

• Loi concernant la prestation canadienne d'urgence pour étudiants (maladie à coronavirus 2019) (feminine noun)

• Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy (noun)
• CEWS (noun)

• Subvention salariale d'urgence du Canada (feminine noun)
• SSUC (feminine noun)

• Canada Recovery Benefit (noun)
• CRB (noun)

• Prestation canadienne de la relance économique (feminine noun)
• PCRE (feminine noun)

• Canada Recovery Caregiving Benefit (noun)
• CRCB (noun)

• Prestation canadienne de la relance économique pour proches aidants (feminine noun)
• PCREPA (feminine noun)

• Canada Recovery Sickness Benefit (noun)
• CRSB (noun)

• Prestation canadienne de maladie pour la relance économique (feminine noun)
• PCMRE (feminine noun)

• Canada's COVID-19 Economic Response Plan (noun)

• Plan d'intervention économique du Canada pour répondre à la COVID-19 (masculine noun)

• Canada Student Service Grant (noun)
• CSSG (noun)

• Bourse canadienne pour le bénévolat étudiant (feminine noun)
• BCBE (feminine noun)

• Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (noun)
• CCOHS (noun)

• Centre canadien d'hygiène et de sécurité au travail (masculine noun)
• CCHST (masculine noun)

• Canadian COVID-19 Genomics Network (noun)
• CanCOGeN (noun)

• Réseau canadien de génomique COVID-19 (masculine noun)
• RCanGéCO (masculine noun)

• case cluster (noun)

• grappe de cas (feminine noun)

• cluster of cases (noun)
• cluster (noun)

• agrégat de cas (masculine noun)
• regroupement de cas (masculine noun)
• groupe de cas (masculine noun)
• cluster (avoid, masculine noun, anglicism)

A geographical or temporal collection of cases of an infectious disease that is higher in number than what would be expected in a given area over a specific period of time.

• case definition (noun)

• définition de cas (feminine noun)

A set of criteria for determining whether a person has a given disease.

• case-fatality rate (noun)
• CFR (noun)

• taux de létalité (masculine noun)

• fatality rate (noun)

The proportion of all people with a disease who die from it during a given period.

Some authors use "death rate" and its synonym "mortality rate" to refer to the case-fatality rate, even though these terms correspond to another concept.

• chain of transmission of infection (noun)

• chaîne de transmission de l'infection (feminine noun)

• chain of infection (noun)
• infection transmission chain (noun)
• infection chain (noun)

• chaîne de l'infection (feminine noun)

The chain of transmission of infection is composed of six links: the infectious agent, the reservoir, the portal of exit, the mode of transmission, the portal of entry and the susceptible host.

• Chief Public Health Officer of Canada (noun)

• administrateur en chef de la santé publique du Canada (masculine noun)
• administratrice en chef de la santé publique du Canada (feminine noun)

• circuit breaker lockdown (noun)

• confinement à durée déterminée (proposal, masculine noun)

• fire-break lockdown (noun)
• wave breaker lockdown (noun)

• confinement-frein (proposal, masculine noun)
• confinement amortisseur (proposal, masculine noun)
• confinement brise-vague (proposal, masculine noun)

A relatively short lockdown with a set end date.

• clinical presentation (noun)

• tableau clinique (masculine noun)

The observable signs and symptoms typically associated with a disease that are used to make a diagnosis.

• clinical trial (noun)

• essai clinique (masculine noun)

The objective of a clinical trial is to define the safety and effectiveness of a new treatment in humans.

A clinical trial is carried out in four phases. In phase I, the safety and pharmacological profiles of the treatment are studied in a small number of healthy volunteers. During phase II, the experimental effectiveness is studied in a limited number of volunteers. In phase III, data on safety and experimental effectiveness are completed in a large-scale trial. Phase IV takes place after the product's authorization and marketing, in particular to monitor side effects and validate its effectiveness.

• cold chain (noun)

• chaîne du froid (feminine noun)

• cold zone (noun)

• zone froide (feminine noun)

• green zone (noun)

• zone verte (feminine noun)

A zone in a health care facility where patients who do not have the infectious disease involved in an epidemic are treated.

By establishing zones to isolate infected patients from non-infected patients in a facility, the risk of spreading the disease inside the facility is reduced.

• communicable period (noun)

• période de transmissibilité (feminine noun)

• communicability period (noun)
• period of communicability (noun)

The period during which an infectious agent may pass directly or indirectly from an infected person to another person.

• community spread (noun)

• transmission communautaire (feminine noun)

• community transmission (noun)

• transmission dans la communauté (feminine noun)

The transmission of an infectious disease among a group of people that is not linked to contact with a person returning from a known area of infection or with an infected person.

The terms "community spread" and "community transmission" are both used to refer to the same concept even though the terms "spread" and "transmission" are not synonyms.

Not to be confused with local transmission.

• comorbidity [1] (noun)

• comorbidité [1] (feminine noun)

In a person, the occurrence of one or more diseases, disorders, risk factors or pathological processes at the same time as a given medical condition.

• comorbidity [2] (noun)

• trouble comorbide (masculine noun)

• comorbid condition (noun)
• coexisting condition (noun)

• état comorbide (masculine noun)
• trouble concomitant (masculine noun)
• comorbidité [2] (avoid, feminine noun, anglicism)

A disease, disorder, risk factor or pathological process that occurs at the same time as a given medical condition in a person.

• confirmed case (noun)

• cas confirmé (masculine noun)

• cas avéré (masculine noun)

A person that meets all the established criteria of the case definition for a disease or whose condition is confirmed by at least one laboratory method.

• conjugate vaccine (noun)

• vaccin conjugué (masculine noun)

• conjugated vaccine (noun)

A vaccine in which two compounds have been combined to increase its effectiveness.

• contact (noun)

• contact (masculine noun)

• casual contact
• close contact
• high-risk contact
• low-risk contact
• medium-risk contact
• non-close contact

• contact follow-up (noun)

• suivi des contacts (masculine noun)

The final step of contact tracing that involves getting in touch with the identified contacts of a person having an infectious disease to monitor their symptoms and ensure that proper measures are taken to avoid spreading the infectious disease.

• contact identification (noun)

• identification des contacts (feminine noun)

The first step of contact tracing that involves questioning a person with an infectious disease about their activities and interactions with others to identify the people who have been in contact with them.

• contact listing (noun)

• recensement des contacts (masculine noun)

• établissement de la liste des contacts (masculine noun)

The second step of contact tracing that involves communicating with people who have been in contact with a person having an infectious disease to advise them of the exposure, as well as to tell them about the importance of receiving early care if they develop symptoms and to give them the measures to take to avoid spreading the infectious disease.

• contact management (noun)

• gestion des contacts (feminine noun)

• contact precautions (plural noun)

• précautions contre la transmission par contact (plural feminine noun)

• contact transmission precautions (plural noun)

• contact tracing (noun)

• recherche des contacts (feminine noun)

• traçage des contacts (avoid, masculine noun, calque)

The process of finding people who may have been exposed to a person having an infectious disease to ensure that they are aware of the possible exposure and to follow up with them.

Contact tracing involves three steps: contact identification, contact listing and contact follow-up.

• digital contact tracing

• contact tracing application (noun)

• application de recherche des contacts (feminine noun)

• contact tracing app (noun)

• appli de recherche des contacts (feminine noun)
• application de traçage des contacts (avoid, feminine noun, calque)
• appli de traçage des contacts (avoid, feminine noun, calque)

• contact transmission (noun)

• transmission par contact (feminine noun)

Contact transmission includes direct contact transmission and indirect contact transmission.

• contagiousness (noun)

• contagiosité (feminine noun)

The contagiousness of an infectious agent is represented by its basic reproduction number.

• convalescent plasma (noun)

• plasma de convalescent (masculine noun)

• convalescent blood plasma (noun)

• plasma sanguin de convalescent (masculine noun)
• plasma convalescent (avoid, masculine noun)
• plasma sanguin convalescent (avoid, masculine noun)

The antibody-rich plasma of someone who is recovering from an infectious disease.

The body of a person with an infectious disease produces antibodies. These antibodies remain in the plasma to shield the person from reinfection. In theory, the antibodies could be used to treat other people with the same disease.

• convalescent plasma therapy
• convalescent plasma transfusion

• coronavirus (noun)
• CoV (noun)

• coronavirus (masculine noun)
• CoV (masculine noun)

A genus of viruses of the family Coronaviridae that causes respiratory or gastrointestinal diseases in a variety of vertebrates.

• COVID-19 (noun)

• COVID-19 (feminine noun)

• 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease (former designation, noun)
• 2019-nCoV ARD (former designation, noun)

• maladie à coronavirus 2019 (feminine noun)

An acute viral disease caused by SARS-CoV-2.

The term "COVID-19" was formed using elements of the words coronavirus, disease and 2019.

• COVID-19 Emergency Response Act (noun)

• Loi sur les mesures d'urgence visant la COVID-19 (feminine noun)

• An Act respecting certain measures in response to COVID-19 (noun)

• Loi concernant certaines mesures en réponse à la COVID-19 (feminine noun)

• COVID-19 Emergency Response Act, No. 2 (noun)

• Loi n^o 2 sur les mesures d'urgence visant la COVID-19 (feminine noun)

• A second Act respecting certain measures in response to COVID-19 (noun)

• Loi n^o 2 concernant certaines mesures en réponse à la COVID-19 (feminine noun)

• COVID-19 Immunity Task Force (noun)

• Groupe de travail sur l'immunité face à la COVID-19 (masculine noun)

• COVID-19 Response Fund (noun)

• Fonds de réponse à la COVID-19 (masculine noun)

• COVID-19 Response Measures Act (noun)

• Loi sur des mesures en réponse à la COVID-19 (feminine noun)

• An Act relating to certain measures in response to COVID-19 (noun)

• Loi relative à certaines mesures en réponse à la COVID-19 (feminine noun)

• COVID-19 Symptom Self-Assessment Tool (noun)

• Outil d'auto-évaluation des symptômes COVID-19 (masculine noun)

A Government of Canada website that offers advice based on the answers given to symptom self-assessment questions and provides links to provincial and territorial assessment tools and information.

• COVID-19 Vaccine Global Access Facility (noun)

• Mécanisme pour un accès mondial aux vaccins contre la COVID-19 (masculine noun)

• COVAX Facility (noun)

• Mécanisme COVAX (masculine noun)

A global initiative aimed at working with vaccine manufacturers to provide all countries equitable access to safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19, once they are licensed and approved.

• COVID-19 Virtual Assistant (noun)

• Assistant virtuel COVID-19 (masculine noun)

An online tool that provides information on COVID-19.

• COVID Alert (noun)

• Alerte COVID (feminine noun)

A free application used in Canada that notifies users if they have been near a user diagnosed with COVID-19.

• COVIDTrends (noun)

• TendancesCOVID (masculine noun)

An online tool that provides summary data on COVID-19 in Canada by health region.

• curfew (noun)

• couvre-feu (masculine noun)

A ban on being outside one's home between specific hours.

• cytokine (noun)

• cytokine (feminine noun)

A hormone-like protein, secreted by many different cell types, that regulates the intensity and duration of immune responses and is involved in cell-to-cell communication.

• cytokine storm syndrome (noun)
• CSS (noun)

• choc cytokinique (masculine noun)

A syndrome that is characterized by life-threatening hypercytokinemia.

• death rate (noun)

• taux de mortalité (masculine noun)

• mortality rate (noun)

The ratio of death to the total population during a given period of time.

It is often expressed as a number per 100,000 to facilitate interpretation (for example, 18.3 deaths per year per 100,000 population).

Even though they are two different concepts, some authors use "death rate" and its synonym "mortality rate" to refer to the case-fatality rate.

• deglobalization (noun)

• démondialisation (feminine noun)

• deoxyribonucleic acid (noun)
• DNA (noun)

• acide désoxyribonucléique (masculine noun)
• ADN (masculine noun)

• departure screening (noun)

• dépistage à la sortie (masculine noun)

• exit screening (noun)

• dépistage au départ (masculine noun)

A screening done when a person leaves a country.

• diagnostic test (noun)

• test diagnostique (masculine noun)

• test [1] (noun)

• test (masculine noun)

A laboratory analysis or method of examination used to confirm or rule out a diagnosis.

• digital tracking (noun)

• pistage numérique (masculine noun)

• pistage électronique (masculine noun)
• traçage numérique (masculine noun)
• traçage électronique (masculine noun)

The use of the geolocation feature on personal communication devices to monitor the movement of people in order to detect possible exposure to a disease or infectious agent.

• direct contact transmission (noun)

• transmission par contact direct (feminine noun)

• transmission by direct contact (noun)

Direct contact transmission includes touching an infected person through, for example, kisses, sexual contact, contact with oral secretions or contact with body lesions.

• disease control (noun)

• lutte contre les maladies (feminine noun phrase)

• disinformation (noun)

• désinformation (feminine noun)

The dissemination of deliberately false or misleading information with the intention of influencing the opinions of those who receive it.

• DNA vaccine (noun)

• vaccin à ADN (masculine noun)

• DNA-based vaccine (noun)

• vaccin à base d'ADN (masculine noun)

After the DNA vaccine is administered, the DNA contained in the vaccine is transcribed into RNA in a cell without entering the nucleus. The RNA is then translated to produce antigens that will stimulate the immune response. Since the vaccine does not contain the whole virus, it does not cause infection.

• double mask [1] (noun)

• double masque (masculine noun)

• masque double (masculine noun)

A double mask consists of a mask that is layered over another, generally a non-medical mask over a medical mask. It is usually used to help improve fit and filtration.

• double mask [2] (verb)

• porter le double masque (verb phrase)

• porter le masque double (verb phrase)

To double mask involves layering a mask over another, generally a non-medical mask over a medical mask. This is usually done to help improve fit and filtration.

• double masking (noun)

• port du double masque (masculine noun phrase)

• port du masque double (masculine noun phrase)

Double masking involves layering a mask over another, generally a non-medical mask over a medical mask. This is usually done to help improve fit and filtration.

• drive-through screening clinic (noun)

• clinique de dépistage à l'auto (feminine noun)

• drive-through testing clinic (noun)
• drive-thru screening clinic (noun)
• drive-thru testing clinic (noun)

• clinique de dépistage au volant (feminine noun)

A facility at which people are screened for a specific disease without having to leave their vehicle.

• droplet nuclei (plural noun)

• noyaux de condensation (plural masculine noun)

• noyaux de gouttelettes (plural masculine noun)

Airborne particles created by the evaporation of moisture found inside mixed (solid-liquid) aerosol droplets.

• droplet precautions (plural noun)

• précautions contre la transmission par gouttelettes (plural feminine noun)

• droplet transmission precautions (plural noun)

• droplet transmission (noun)

• transmission par gouttelettes (feminine noun)

Droplet transmission occurs when infectious agents are transmitted through respiratory droplets that travel a distance of less than one metre.

Not to be confused with airborne transmission.

• drug repositioning (noun)

• repositionnement de médicament (masculine noun)

• drug repurposing (noun)
• drug reprofiling (noun)

The process of identifying and validating a use not previously approved for an existing drug.

• dry cough (noun)

• toux sèche (feminine noun)

• unproductive cough (noun)

• toux improductive (feminine noun)

A cough with no expectoration.

• dyspnea (noun)

• dyspnée (feminine noun)

• shortness of breath (noun)
• breathlessness (noun)

• essoufflement (masculine noun)

Difficulty breathing or a subjective feeling of breathing discomfort.

• early detection (noun)

• détection précoce (feminine noun)

The identification of a specific disease at an early stage in the natural history of the disease.

• economic aid package (noun)

• mesures d'aide financière (plural feminine noun)

• mesures de soutien économique (plural feminine noun)

• economic depression (noun)

• dépression économique (feminine noun)

• depression (noun)

• dépression (feminine noun)

A prolonged period of severe recession that is characterized by a decrease in business activity, falling prices and an excessive unemployment rate.

• economic recession (noun)

• récession économique (feminine noun)

• recession (noun)

• récession (feminine noun)

A phase of the economic cycle that is characterized by a general decline in economic activity.

• economic recovery (noun)

• relance économique (feminine noun)

• economic stimulus (noun)

• reprise économique (feminine noun)
• stimulation économique (feminine noun)

• economic recovery plan (noun)

• plan de relance économique (masculine noun)

• recovery plan (noun)
• economic stimulus plan (noun)
• stimulus plan (noun)

• plan de relance (masculine noun)
• plan de reprise économique (masculine noun)
• plan de reprise (masculine noun)
• plan de stimulation économique (masculine noun)
• plan de stimulation (masculine noun)

• effective reproduction number (noun)
• R_e (noun)

• taux de reproduction net (masculine noun)

• net reproductive rate (noun)
• effective reproductive rate (noun)

• taux de reproduction effectif (masculine noun)
• R_e (masculine noun)

R

The average number of secondary cases generated by an infected person in a population formed of people who are immune to the infectious disease and people who are susceptible to it.

It is calculated by multiplying the R₀ by the proportion of the host population that is susceptible to the infectious disease.

Vaccination, for example, can modify the effective reproduction number.

• elbow bump (noun)

• coude-à-coude (masculine noun)

The elbow bump is a way of greeting each other without shaking hands.

• Emergencies Act (noun)

• Loi sur les mesures d'urgence (feminine noun)

• An Act to authorize the taking of special temporary measures to ensure safety and security during national emergencies and to amend other Acts in consequence thereof (noun)

• Loi visant à autoriser à titre temporaire des mesures extraordinaires de sécurité en situation de crise nationale et à modifier d'autres lois en conséquence (feminine noun)

• Emergency Community Support Fund (noun)

• Fonds d'urgence pour l'appui communautaire (masculine noun)

• employment insurance sickness benefits (plural noun)

• prestations de maladie de l'assurance-emploi (plural feminine noun)

• EI sickness benefits (plural noun)

• prestations de maladie de l'a.-e. (plural feminine noun)

• endemic (adjective)

• endémique (adjective)

That relates to the persistence of a disease in a given region or population.

A disease that is constantly present or reappears at specific periods of the year can be qualified as endemic.

• entry screening (noun)

• dépistage à l'arrivée (masculine noun)

• point of entry screening (noun)
• arrival screening (noun)

• dépistage à l'entrée (masculine noun)

A screening done when a person arrives in a country.

• epicentre (noun)

• épicentre (masculine noun)

• epidemic epicentre
• pandemic epicentre

• epidemic [1] (noun)

• épidémie (feminine noun)

The occurrence of a higher number of disease cases than expected in a given area over a specific period of time.

• COVID-19 epidemic

• epidemic [2] (adjective)

• épidémique (adjective)

• epidemic curve (noun)

• courbe épidémique (feminine noun)

• epidemiological curve (noun)
• epi curve (noun)

• courbe épidémiologique (feminine noun)

• peak of the epidemic curve
• plateau of the epidemic curve

• epidemic peak (noun)

• pic de l'épidémie (masculine noun)

• peak of the epidemic (noun)

• pic épidémique (masculine noun)

During an epidemic, the moment when the number of new cases is the highest.

On graphs, the epidemic peak corresponds to the peak of the epidemic curve.

• epidemic plateau (noun)

• plateau de l'épidémie (masculine noun)

• plateau of the epidemic (noun)

• plateau épidémique (masculine noun)

During an epidemic, the moment when the number of new cases stays at the same level.

On graphs, the epidemic plateau corresponds to the plateau of the epidemic curve.

• epidemic threshold (noun)

• seuil épidémique (masculine noun)

A predetermined critical incidence that, if exceeded, leads to the declaration of an epidemic or the implementation of planned public health measures.

• epidemiological forecast (noun)

• prévision épidémiologique [2] (feminine noun)

The estimation of the future evolution of a health phenomenon obtained by extrapolating existing trends.

• epidemiological forecasting (noun)

• prévision épidémiologique [1] (feminine noun)

The act of estimating the future evolution of a health phenomenon by extrapolating existing trends.

• epidemiological investigation (noun)

• enquête épidémiologique (feminine noun)

• epidemiologically-confirmed case (noun)

• cas confirmé par lien épidémiologique (masculine noun phrase)

• case confirmed by epidemiological link (noun phrase)

• cas confirmé épidémiologiquement (masculine noun)

• epidemiological situation (noun)

• situation épidémiologique (feminine noun)

• epidemiology (noun)

• épidémiologie (feminine noun)

The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations.

• eradication strategy (noun)

• stratégie d'éradication (feminine noun)

• essential business (noun)

• commerce essentiel (masculine noun)

• essential goods (plural noun)

• biens essentiels (plural masculine noun)

• essential services (plural noun)

• services essentiels (plural masculine noun)

• essential travel (noun)

• voyage essentiel (masculine noun)

• essential workers (plural noun)

• travailleurs essentiels (plural masculine noun)
• travailleuses essentielles (plural feminine noun)

• excess mortality (noun)

• surmortalité (feminine noun)

• excess deaths (plural noun)

Excess mortality occurs when the number of observed deaths is greater than the number of expected deaths during a given period.

• expectoration (noun)

• expectoration (feminine noun)

• sputum (noun)
• phlegm (noun)

The substance expelled from the respiratory tract through the mouth by coughing or clearing the throat.

• extubate (verb)

• extuber (verb)

Remove a hollow tube that was inserted through the mouth or nose into the trachea to keep the airway open.

• extubation (noun)

• extubation (feminine noun)

The removal of a hollow tube that was inserted through the mouth or nose into the trachea to keep the airway open.

• eye protection device (noun)

• dispositif de protection oculaire (masculine noun)

• eye protection (noun)

• dispositif de protection des yeux (masculine noun)
• protection oculaire (feminine noun)

Face shields, safety goggles and safety glasses are included in this category of personal protective equipment.

• face shield (noun)

• écran facial (masculine noun)

• visière de protection (feminine noun)
• visière [2] (feminine noun)

• false negative (noun)

• faux négatif (masculine noun)

• false-negative test result (noun)
• false-negative result (noun)

• résultat faussement négatif (masculine noun)
• résultat faux négatif (masculine noun)

When a test performed on a sample collected from a person with the disease being tested gives a negative result, it is a false negative.

• false positive (noun)

• faux positif (masculine noun)

• false-positive test result (noun)
• false-positive result (noun)

• résultat faussement positif (masculine noun)
• résultat faux positif (masculine noun)

When a test performed on a sample collected from a person not having the disease being tested gives a positive result, it is a false positive.

• fever (noun)

• fièvre (feminine noun)

• fight against COVID-19 (noun phrase)

• lutte contre la COVID-19 (feminine noun phrase)

• first death (noun)

• premier décès (masculine noun)

• fist bump (noun)

• poing-à-poing (masculine noun)

The fist bump is a way of greeting each other without shaking hands.

• flatten the curve (verb phrase)

• aplatir la courbe (verb phrase)

Take measures to slow down the increase in the number of cases of an infectious disease to avoid overwhelming the health care system at the epidemic peak.

• fomite (noun)

• matière contaminée (feminine noun)

• fomes (noun)

An object or a surface that can harbour an infectious agent and can be a means of transmission.

The plural form of fomes is fomites.

• foot shake (noun)

• salut du pied (masculine noun)

The foot shake is a way of greeting each other without shaking hands.

• front-line staff (noun)

• personnel de première ligne (masculine noun)

• front-line workers (plural noun)
• front-line personnel (noun)

• travailleurs de première ligne (plural masculine noun)
• travailleuses de première ligne (plural feminine noun)
• employés de première ligne (plural masculine noun)
• employées de première ligne (plural feminine noun)

• gargle lavage (noun)

• lavage par gargarisme (masculine noun)

Gargle lavage is a method used to collect a sample.

• gargle lavage sample (noun)

• échantillon prélevé par gargarisme (masculine noun phrase)

• gargle sample (noun)
• gargle specimen (noun)

• gargle sample screening test (proposal, noun phrase)

• test de dépistage sur un échantillon prélevé par gargarisme (proposal, masculine noun phrase)

• gargle specimen screening test (proposal, noun phrase)
• gargle test (noun, familiar)

• test par gargarisme (masculine noun, familiar)

• gathering (noun)

• rassemblement (masculine noun)

• illegal gathering
• indoor gathering
• mass gathering
• non-essential gathering
• outdoor gathering
• private gathering

• genome sequencing (noun)

• séquençage génomique (masculine noun)

• genomic sequencing (noun)

• séquençage du génome (masculine noun)

This technique can detect all virus variants, even new variants.

• global scale (noun)

• échelle mondiale (feminine noun)

• world scale (noun)

• échelle planétaire (feminine noun)

• gloves (plural noun)

• gants (plural masculine noun)

• latex gloves
• medical gloves
• nitrile gloves
• non-sterile gloves
• sterile gloves

• gown (noun)

• blouse (feminine noun)

• hand hygiene (noun)

• hygiène des mains (feminine noun)
• HDM (feminine noun)

Hand hygiene includes hand washing and hand rubbing.

• hand rubbing (noun)

• friction des mains (feminine noun)

Hand rubbing is the method used to perform hand hygiene with hand sanitizer.

• hand sanitizer (noun)

• désinfectant pour les mains (masculine noun)

• alcohol-based hand sanitizer

• hand washing (noun)

• lavage des mains (masculine noun)

• health care provider (noun)
• HCP (noun)

• fournisseur de soins de santé (masculine noun)
• fournisseuse de soins de santé (feminine noun)

The term "health care provider" can refer to a professional or an organization.

• health care system capacity (noun)

• capacité du système de santé (feminine noun)

• health system capacity (noun)

• health care system saturation (noun)

• saturation du système de santé (feminine noun)

• health system saturation (noun)

• health care system saturation threshold (noun)

• seuil de saturation du système de santé (masculine noun)

• health system saturation threshold (noun)

• health care worker (noun)

• travailleur de la santé (masculine noun)
• travailleuse de la santé (feminine noun)

• health worker (noun)

• health threat (noun)

• menace pour la santé (feminine noun)

• hemoptysis (noun)

• hémoptysie (feminine noun)

• haemoptysis (noun)

The coughing up of blood originating from the lower respiratory tract.

• herd immunity (noun)

• immunité collective (feminine noun)

• group immunity (noun)

• immunité de groupe (feminine noun)

The resistance of a group to the spread of an infectious disease based on the resistance to infection of a high proportion of individual members of the group.

The percentage of immune people necessary for herd immunity is specific to each infectious disease.

• hospitalization (noun)

• hospitalisation (feminine noun)

• host cell (noun)

• cellule hôte (feminine noun)

A cell invaded by an infectious agent.

• hot zone (noun)

• zone chaude (feminine noun)

• red zone (noun)

• zone rouge (feminine noun)

A zone in a health care facility where patients with the infectious disease involved in an epidemic are treated.

By establishing zones to isolate infected patients from non-infected patients in a facility, the risk of spreading the disease inside the facility is reduced.

• hygiene measure (noun)

• mesure d'hygiène (feminine noun)

• hypercytokinemia (noun)

• hypercytokinémie (feminine noun)

• hypercytokinaemia (noun)
• cytokine storm (noun)

• tempête de cytokines (feminine noun)
• orage de cytokines (masculine noun)
• tempête cytokinique (feminine noun)
• orage cytokinique (masculine noun)

A disproportionate release of cytokines following over-stimulation of the immune system.

• hypoxemia (noun)

• hypoxémie (feminine noun)

• hypoxaemia (noun)

A decrease of the oxygen content in arterial blood.

• immune response (noun)

• réponse immunitaire (feminine noun)

• immune reaction (noun)

• réaction immunitaire (feminine noun)

The activity of the immune system that targets foreign substances.

• immune system (noun)

• système immunitaire (masculine noun)

• deficient immune system
• depressed immune system
• strong immune system
• weak immune system

• immunity (noun)

• immunité (feminine noun)

The natural or acquired resistance of an organism to a disease or infectious agent.

• acquired immunity
• active immunity
• duration of immunity
• natural immunity
• passive immunity
• protective immunity

• immunization [1] (noun)

• immunisation [1] (feminine noun)

The process by which an organism acquires immunity against a disease or infectious agent.

• immunization [2] (noun)

• immunisation [2] (feminine noun)

The administration of an immunizing agent to protect an organism against a disease or infectious agent.

• immunization [3] (noun)

• immunisation [3] (feminine noun)

A treatment for the purpose of making an organism immune to a disease or infectious agent.

• immunizing agent (noun)

• agent immunisant (masculine noun)

• immunization agent (noun)

• agent d'immunisation (masculine noun)

A substance that is administered to induce an immune response to increase resistance to a disease or infectious agent.

• immunogenic (adjective)

• immunogène (adjective)

That can induce an immune response.